Plasma-Enabled Wideband Matching of Electrically Small Antennas
arXiv:2610.22095
Kushagra Singhal, Abbas Semnani
Free plain-English explainer
A few watts of capacitively coupled plasma act as a tunable negative capacitor, pushing an electrically small dipole past 100% fractional bandwidth at −6 dB.
Read free explainer →This paper presents a plasma-based approach for wideband impedance matching of electrically small antennas (ESAs). By exploiting the negative permittivity of a capacitively coupled plasma (CCP), the plasma is shown to function as a wideband negative capacitor that effectively compensates for the large and frequency-dependent reactance inherent to ESAs. A VHF/UHF electrically small capped dipole antenna is used as a proof-of-concept platform to demonstrate the proposed technique. Theoretical analysis, Multiphysics simulations, and experimental measurements confirm broadband impedance matching, with -6 dB fractional bandwidth that can exceed 100\%, using only a few watts of plasma power. The matching bandwidth can be dynamically tuned by adjusting the plasma operating conditions, gas pressure, and electron density, enabling control over the trade-off between bandwidth and radiation efficiency. This plasma-enabled matching paradigm provides a physically robust and scalable solution for wideband ESAs, particularly attractive for low-frequency and high-power applications where conventional matching techniques are fundamentally limited.